Apocynin

A methoxy-substituted catechol commonly used as an inhibitor of NADPH oxidase

≥98%

Store at -20℃ for one year（Powder）；Store at 2-4℃ for two weeks；Store at -20℃ for six months after dissolution.

4'-Hydroxy-3'-methoxyacetophenone; acetovanillone

white crystalline powder

DMSO : 16.6 mg/mL (100 mM)

Ethanol : 16.6 mg/mL (100 mM)

NADPH-oxidase

Apocynin is a naturally occurring methoxy-substituted catechol used as an inhibitor of NADPH-oxidase. Apocynin prevents serine phosphorylation of p47phox and blocks its association with gp91phox, thus blunting NADPH oxidase activation. Apocynin can decrease the production of superoxide (O(2)(-)) from activated neutrophils and macrophages. Apocynin, after metabolic conversion, inhibits the assembly of NADPH-oxidase that is responsible for reactive oxygen species (ROS) production.

Apocynin has anti-inflammatory activity in a variety of cell and animal models of inflammation. Apocynin attenuates the TNF-α and IL-1β production and iNOS expression in the lung of carrageenan-treated mice. Apocynin exerts beneficial effects in a mice model of spinal cord injury. Apocynin reduces (1) the degree of spinal cord damage, (2) neutrophils infiltration, (3) ICAM-1 and P-selectin expression, (4) PAR and nitrotyrosine formation, (5) IκB-α degradation, (6) NF-κB activation, (7) pro-inflammatory cytokines production (TNF-α and IL-1β), (8) apoptosis (TUNEL staining, FAS ligand expression, Bax and Bcl-2 expression) and (9) MAPK activation (P-38 and phospho-JNK). LD50: Mice 9g/kg (i.g.).